How do I configure SMPP?

The short message peer-to-peer protocol (SMPP) is a telecommunications industry protocol for exchanging SMS messages between SMS peer entities such as short message service centers. It is often used to allow third parties (for example, value-added service providers like news organizations) to submit messages, sometimes in bulk.

The protocol is based on pairs of request/response PDUs (protocol data units, or packets) exchanged over OSI layer 4 (TCP/IP session or X.25 SVC3) connections. PDUs are binary encoded for efficiency.

The most commonly used versions of SMPP are v3.3 (the most widely supported standard) and v3.4, which adds transceiver support (single connections that can send and receive messages). Data exchange can be synchronous, (each peer waits for a response for each PDU being sent) or asynchronous (messages are received and transmitted in independent threads with the use of buffers and timers). The latest version of SMPP is v5.0.

to know details about SMPP; please refer https://www.watchguard.com/help/docs/ssl/2/en-US/Content/FAQs/configure_smpp_faq.html

How the Intelligent Network works?

In telecommunication company, telecommunications services that provided to their customer is very important. Company will get revenue by providing value-added service to their customer. One of value-added service enabler for telecommunication company is Intelligent Network or known as IN. IN can provide and differentiate their product between their competitor. IN mainly used for Prepaid Charging, in Prepaid Charging system IN hold configuration about charging matrix, discount, bonus and many other prepaid charging service can provided by IN.
Beside used for prepaid charging, IN also can provide another telecommunication service, such as Friend and Family Promo, Corporate User Group, Single IMSI multiple MMDN and many other

 telecommunication service can be provided. IN consist of some network element such as: SCP(service control point), SMP(service management point), SDP(service data point) and RBI. Lets give a brief overview of IN network element:

• SCP : SCP mainly used for call control that communicate to MSC or STP. SCP usually also act as the charging and rating application.
• SMP: SMP used for management of IN. It interact with person or application to make modification of all network element in IN.
• SDP: SDP used for data management, it will used for manipulating and querying data in realtime. All deduction of prepaid subscriber will be done by SDP in realtime
• RBI: RBI used for hold Call Data Record. It will be used by another party to calculate revenue from Intelligent Network. Usually Datawarehouse will used data on RBI.

All of this network element communicate in SS7 and IP based. With the integration of all network element in IN Telecommunications Services will be provided to the customer and revenue will come to the telecommunication company.

LTE Telecommunications

LTE (an initialism of Long Term Evolution), marketed as 4G LTE, is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using new modulation techniques.^[1][2] The standard is developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9.

The world's first publicly available LTE service was launched by TeliaSonera in Oslo and Stockholm on 14 December 2009.^[3] LTE is the natural upgrade path for carriers with GSM/UMTS networks, but even CDMA holdouts such as Verizon Wireless, who launched the first large-scale LTE network in North America in 2010,^[4][5] and au by KDDI in Japan have announced they will migrate to LTE. LTE is, therefore, anticipated to become the first truly global mobile phone standard, although the use of different frequency bands in different countries will mean that only multi-band phones will be able to utilize LTE in all countries where it is supported.

Although marketed as a 4G wireless service, LTE as specified in the 3GPP Release 8 and 9 document series does not satisfy the technical requirements the 3GPP consortium has adopted for its new standard generation, and which are set forth by the ITU-R organization in its IMT-Advanced specification. The LTE Advanced standard formally satisfies the ITU-R requirements to be considered IMT-Advanced.^[6]

^{source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication)}

What is GSM MAP operations?

Hi Folks,

If you wondering what is the GSM MAP operations, this article would tell you what exactly does it means. GSM MAP stands for Global System for Mobile Communication Mobile Application Part where it's include all the following operations:

                                 i.            location registration

                               ii.            gprs location registration

                              iii.            subscriber information enquiry

                             iv.            subscriber management

                               v.            imei management

To get details about complete MAP operations, you can refer to the below links:

https://www.informit.com/library/content.aspx?b=Signaling_System_No_7&seqNum=180

VMWare ESX vs ESXi

VMware makes available two bare-metal hypervisors; ESX and ESXi, which form the foundation of their virtualization product line. both hypervisors do the same thing when it comes to virtualization, they only differ in packaging. ESX is shipped with a Linux derived operating system called service console, and a VMware kernel called VMkernel. the service console include features found on operating systems like firewall, Networking features, and web browser – basically, the service console is a streamed line Linux operating system that let you execute and run many operating system like commands. VMkernel is the foundation of ESX and ESXi virtualization, and it is in charge of allocating and scheduling resources for guest virtual machines. in other words, VMkernel is the real “operating system” of ESX and ESXi.

As you probably figured, the hypervisor does not need the service console to run, so that’s what they did with ESXi, they removed the service console from the hypervisor. the good thing is that by doing that the hypervisor is now very small, and the bad thing is that by stripping off the service console ESXi has less support for hardware, and updating drivers on ESXi requires a VMkernel update also.

So, which is better, ESX or ESXi?

you can do the same thing on both hypervisor, they both support the same virtualization features, so it becomes a matter of preference. I personally like ESX for the custom options it offers, and size partitioning. though I trust VMware with the ESXi speed-light installation without any decision on my side, I rather customize the installation myself.

so to summarize everything, the difference between ESX and ESXi is the service console. remember ESX has a service console, ESXi does not.

Linux Ubuntu

currently installing ubuntu new version (v.12) in my pc that running windows se7en!

short info from wikipedia...

Ubuntu ( /ʊˈbʊntuː/ oo-BOON-too)^[4][5] is a computer operating system based on the Debian Linux distribution and distributed as free and open source software, using its own desktop environment. It is named after the Southern African philosophy of ubuntu ("humanity towards others").^[6] Ubuntu is designed primarily for use on personal computers, although a server edition also exists.
Ubuntu is sponsored by the UK-based company Canonical Ltd., owned by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. Canonical generates revenue by selling technical support and services related to Ubuntu, while the operating system itself is entirely free of charge. The Ubuntu project is committed to the principles of free software development; people are encouraged to use free software, improve it, and pass it on.^[7]

Home Location Register - HLR

What is Home Location Register - HLR

A HLR is a database of user (subscriber) information, i.e., customer profiles, used in mobile (cellular) networks. It is a key component of mobile networks such as GSM, TDMA, and CDMA networks. A HLR contains user information such as account information, account status, user preferences, features subscribed to by the user, user’s current location, etc. The data stored in HLRs for the different types of networks is similar but does differ in some details.

HLRs are used by the Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) to originate and deliver arriving mobile calls.